Arshine:what does lecithin do?
Lecithin is one of the most used food additives today. Its emulsifying properties aid stability and improve the texture of dressings, sauces, cheeses, chocolates, and dough. It’s also used to create light, stable airs and foams from liquids. What exactly is it, and what does lecithin do?
Lecithin is a generic term
applying to any plant or animal derived, yellow-brownish fat which attracts
both water and other fats. The word is derived from the Greek, λέκιθος, which means egg yolk (yellow, fatty, animal derived). Other
common sources are milk and cream; rape and sunflower seeds; fish roe; and overwhelmingly,
soybeans.
What does it actually do?
It acts as an emulsifier, and
as such its main uses in cooking are to homogenise liquids.
It acts as a surfactant, so
for example, when added to a mixture of air and liquid, it will lower the
surface tension of the liquid enabling it to coat the surface of the air
bubbles, and retain their structure.
It can help to achieve a
smoother texture and to retain moisture. It can also form a barrier between two
other surfaces.
Outside the food industry
it’s used in paints and printing inks; as a rust inhibitor; in animal feed; in lubricants;
and in the pharmaceutical industry.
It’s also used as a dietary
supplement to help improve liver function, lower cholesterol, and cure acne.
Lecithin is widely used
throughout the food industry. How and why?
• By acting as a
surfactant, as described above, it helps retain air within a liquid, as in
airs, foams, and espumas created by chefs interested in molecular gastronomy.
• Because it attracts
water and acts as a stabiliser it is used by bakers to extend the shelf life of
bread, pastries and cakes, preventing them from becoming stale too quickly.
• It also stabilises
fermentation caused by the yeast or other rising agent and retains the gas
produced during the process thereby increasing the volume.
• By acting as an
emulsifier and breaking oil in food down into smaller particles it helps to
create a smoother texture, especially in doughs. It’s the lecithin in egg yolks
that emulsifies mayonnaise or hollandaise.
• It is often added to
chocolate to prevent the sugar from crystallising and the cocoa fats from
separating.
• Because it acts as an
emulsifier it helps to stabilise margarine and prevent it from spattering when
used for frying.
• As a surfactant, or
coating, it’s often added to non-stick cooking sprays. It also stops sweets
from sticking to the sweet papers.
Source Arshine: https://www.arshinefeed.com/
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